![]() Three-dimensional (3D) printing is a method applied to build a 3D object of any shape from a digital model, and it provides crucial advantages especially for transferring patient-specific designs to clinical settings. The main purpose of this study is to introduce the newly designed complex airway stent models that are created through mathematical functions and manufactured with 3D printing for implementation in real life. It also contains functions for solving differential equations, clustering, statistical analysis and optimization tasks. ![]() MethodsĪ mathematical modeling software (MathMod) was used to design five different airway stents. The Mathematics section contains the ready-made libraries for working with random distributions, fuzzy logic and neural networks. It supports 3D/4D plotting and animation, a scripting language, a JSON file format with a large set of scripted examples, and an OBJ output file of the 3D mesh. It is an extension/rewrite of the K3DSurf project. The highly porous structures with designated scales were fabricated by utilizing a stereolithography-based 3D printing technology. MathMod is mathematical software for visualizing and animating parametric and implicit surfaces. Documentation resources to help you with the Qualys Cloud Platform and its integrated Cloud Apps. The fine details in the microstructure of 3D printed parts were observed by a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The mechanical properties of airway stents with various designs and porosity were compared by compression test. ![]() The outputs of the mathematical modeling software were successfully converted into 3D printable files and airway stents with a porosity of more than 85% were 3D printed. Appropriate methods and tools are requiredto perform plant-wide simulation of the control-relevant dynamic behaviour, with time scales ranging froma few up to a thousand seconds nonlinear models based on first principles are employed, in order todescribe the whole operating range, possibly including off-design conditions. SEM images revealed the layered topography of high-resolution 3D printed parts. Compression tests have shown that the mathematical function-based design offers the opportunity to adjust the mechanical strength of airway stents without changing the material or manufacturing method. Change-log for MathMod-11.1 () 1) Support of graphing functions with complex numbers Zu+iv in 3D and 4D spaces (demo scripts: 'Complex3Dxx' and 'Complex4DSaddle') 2) Added support for HSV (hue, saturation, brightness) coloring model (script: 'ComplexDomainColoring') 3) Texture definitions (RGB and HSV) for parametric surfaces can. Indications for airway stenting can occur in both malignant and benign processes.ĬonclusionsĪ novel approach, which includes mathematical function-based design and 3D printing technology, is proposed in this study for the fabrication of airway stents as a promising tool for future treatments of central airway pathologies.Īirway stents are hollow tubular endobronchial prostheses composed of a variety of biodegradable or non-biodegradable materials that support and maintain the patency of the airways. ![]()
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